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The popularity of nonreplicating adenoviruses of chimpanzee origin (ChAdVs) as vectors for subunit vaccines is on the rise. This is mainly for their excellent safety and impressive immunogenicity observed in human studies to date. Here, we recloned the chimpanzee adenovirus sero type 68 (ChAdV-68), also designated SAdV-25 and AdC68, genome and demonstrated its straightforward genetic manipulation facilitated by the use of bacterial artificial chromosome recombineering. To generate the ChAdV68.GagB vaccine, the HIV-1 consensus clade B Gag-derived Tg was inserted into the E1 region. In part confirming previous observations, the ChAdV68.GagB vaccine alone and in heterologous prime-boost regimens with plasmid DNA- and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-vectored vaccines induced robust polyfunctional HIV-1-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-cell responses with a gut-homing phenotype. Importantly, we showed that when a single epitope is expressed as an immunodominant CD8(+) T-cell determinant, responses elicited by ChAdV68.GagB alone and in combination lowered surrogate challenge EcoHIV/NDK (where EcoHIV is chimeric ecotropic HIV) virus load in mice both at the peak T-cell frequencies 2 weeks after vaccination and 16 weeks later indicating development of protective effector memory. These results parallel the immunogenicity of similar vaccine regimens in macaques and an ongoing phase I/IIa trial in humans, and support further development of vaccines vectored by ChAdVs.

Original publication

DOI

10.1002/eji.201242624

Type

Journal article

Journal

Eur J Immunol

Publication Date

12/2012

Volume

42

Pages

3243 - 3255

Keywords

AIDS Vaccines, Adenoviridae, Animals, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic, Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic, Genome, Viral, HEK293 Cells, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Immunization, Secondary, Macaca, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Pan troglodytes, Time Factors, Vaccinia virus, gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus