Cookies on this website

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click 'Accept all cookies' we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you won't see this message again. If you click 'Reject all non-essential cookies' only necessary cookies providing core functionality such as security, network management, and accessibility will be enabled. Click 'Find out more' for information on how to change your cookie settings.

BackgroundAlthough efavirenz (EFV) and lopinavir/ ritonavir (LPV/r) are both recommended antiretroviral agents for combination therapy in drug-naive HIV-infected patients, no randomized comparison of their efficacy and tolerability is available yet. A multi-cohort prospective observational comparative study was performed.MethodsEfficacy was examined comparing time to virological failure, CD4 recovery and clinical progression. Tolerability was examined comparing time to treatment discontinuation for any reason and for toxicity and time to liver enzymes or lipid alterations. Survival analysis was conducted by an intent-to-treat principle using the Kaplan-Meier method, and standard and weighted Cox regression models.ResultsA total of 674 antiretroviral-naive patients starting a two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor regimen plus either EFV (n = 481) or LPV/r (n = 193) were examined. At baseline, patients starting LPV/r had higher HIV RNA and lower CD4+ T-cell counts. There was no difference in the adjusted hazards of virological failure (LPV/r versus EFV relative hazard [RH] 1.16, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.58-2.32, P = 0.67), CD4 recovery (RH = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.66-1.30, P = 0.66), clinical progression (RH = 1.64, 95% CI: 0.70-3.84, P = 0.25), drug discontinuation for toxicity (RH = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.51-1.64, P = 0.76) and for any reason, and rates of liver enzyme and total/low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol elevation. In contrast, the rate of triglycerides elevations (> 1 NCEP Adult Treatment Panel III category increase) was higher in the LPV/r group (RH = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.14-2.50; P = 0.01). Models weighted for the inverse of conditional probability of receiving either drug applied to the efficacy endpoints yielded similar results. CD4 recovery with both drugs was also similar in the lowest CD4 strata.ConclusionsOur analysis suggests similar efficacy and tolerability for EFV- or LPV/r-based first-line antiretroviral regimens. LPV/r was associated with higher rates of hypertriglyceridaemia.

Type

Journal article

Journal

Antiviral therapy

Publication Date

01/2006

Volume

11

Pages

609 - 618

Addresses

Institute of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. andrea.deluca@rm.unicatt.it

Keywords

I.Co.N.A, UCSC, IMIT-MI, INMI, Humans, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Hypertriglyceridemia, Disease Progression, Benzoxazines, Pyrimidinones, Ritonavir, Nucleosides, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, HIV Protease Inhibitors, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Treatment Failure, Drug Therapy, Combination, Viral Load, Prospective Studies, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Italy, Female, Male, Lopinavir