Cookies on this website

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click 'Accept all cookies' we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you won't see this message again. If you click 'Reject all non-essential cookies' only necessary cookies providing core functionality such as security, network management, and accessibility will be enabled. Click 'Find out more' for information on how to change your cookie settings.

: Soluble forms of the coinhibitory receptors programmed death 1 (PD-1) and Tim-3 exist, but their relationship with T-cell surface expression remains unclear. When measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in plasma, soluble PD-1, and soluble Tim-3 were elevated during primary HIV infection, decreased on antiretroviral therapy to levels found in controls, and correlated with cell surface expression. We conclude that soluble PD-1 and soluble Tim-3 are easy to measure biomarkers of immune exhaustion which potentially eliminate the need for flow cytometry.

Original publication

DOI

10.1097/qad.0000000000002165

Type

Journal article

Journal

AIDS (London, England)

Publication Date

06/2019

Volume

33

Pages

1253 - 1256

Addresses

Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford.

Keywords

CHERUB Investigators, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Plasma, Humans, HIV Infections, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Male, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Biomarkers, Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2