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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential for CD4+CD8+ T cells [CD8 double positive (CD8 DP)] T cells to form a reservoir of HIV-1 following HAART through measurement of the rate of decay of infected CD4/CD8 DP T cells. METHODS: HIV-1 proviral loads in highly pure CD4 and CD8 DP T cells were determined for study subjects before and after 200-400 days of therapy and HIV-1 DNA decay rates were calculated. RESULTS: Before therapy, HIV-1 proviral load in CD8 DP correlated negatively with CD4 cell count. Decay rates of HIV-1-infected CD4 and CD8 DP T cells were similar. Rates for CD8 DP T cells correlated with the time to suppression of viral replication, whereas no such relationship was true for CD4 cell decay rates. A significant reduction in activated cells was observed for both cell types. The action of HAART on HIV-1 replication was similar for both CD4 cells and CD8 DP T cells, although the rate of clearance of infected CD8 DP T cells appeared more critical for a rapid reduction in plasma viral load. Although the size of the CD8 DP T cell reservoir in peripheral blood was smaller relative to that of CD4 cells, HAART did not completely clear HIV-1 infection from this cell subset. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that CD8 DP T cells are a major reservoir for HIV-1 in vivo and, therefore, represent a potential reservoir for HIV-1 during HAART, in a manner analogous to that of CD4 T cells.

Original publication

DOI

10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282f151b9

Type

Journal article

Journal

AIDS

Publication Date

02/01/2008

Volume

22

Pages

57 - 65

Keywords

Anti-Retroviral Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4-CD8 Ratio, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Lymphocyte Count, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Viral Load