Mapping structural and dynamic divergence across the MBOAT family.

Ansell TB., Healy M., Coupland CE., Sansom MSP., Siebold C.

Membrane-bound O-acyltransferases (MBOATs) are membrane-embedded enzymes that catalyze acyl chain transfer to a diverse group of substrates, including lipids, small molecules, and proteins. MBOATs share a conserved structural core, despite wide-ranging functional specificity across both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The structural basis of catalytic specificity, regulation and interactions with the surrounding environment remain uncertain. Here, we combine comparative molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with bioinformatics to assess molecular and interactional divergence across the family. In simulations, MBOATs differentially distort the bilayer depending on their substrate type. Additionally, we identify lipid binding sites surrounding reactant gates in the surrounding membrane. Complementary bioinformatic analyses reveal a conserved role for re-entrant loop-2 in MBOAT fold stabilization and a key hydrogen bond bridging DGAT1 dimerization. Finally, we predict differences in MBOAT solvation and water gating properties. These data are pertinent to the design of MBOAT-specific inhibitors that encompass dynamic information within cellular mimetic environments.

DOI

10.1016/j.str.2024.03.014

Type

Journal article

Publication Date

2024-07-01T00:00:00+00:00

Volume

32

Pages

1011 - 1022.e3

Addresses

Department of Biochemistry, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging, SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: bansell5@stanford.edu.

Keywords

Humans, Acyltransferases, Lipid Bilayers, Binding Sites, Catalytic Domain, Protein Binding, Substrate Specificity, Hydrogen Bonding, Protein Multimerization, Molecular Dynamics Simulation

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