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Mass administration of antimalarial drugs and ivermectin are being considered as potential accelerators of malaria elimination. The safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and mosquito-lethal effects of combinations of ivermectin, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, and primaquine were evaluated. Coadministration of ivermectin and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine resulted in increased ivermectin concentrations with corresponding increases in mosquito-lethal effect across all subjects. Exposure to piperaquine was also increased when coadministered with ivermectin, but electrocardiograph QT-interval prolongation was not increased. One subject had transiently impaired liver function. Ivermectin mosquito-lethal effect was greater than predicted previously against the major Southeast Asian malaria vectors. Both Anopheles dirus and Anopheles minimus mosquito mortality was increased substantially (20-fold and 35-fold increase, respectively) when feeding on volunteer blood after ivermectin administration compared with in vitro ivermectin-spiked blood. This suggests the presence of ivermectin metabolites that impart mosquito-lethal effects. Further studies of this combined approach to accelerate malaria elimination are warranted.

Original publication

DOI

10.1002/cpt.1716

Type

Journal article

Journal

Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics

Publication Date

05/2020

Volume

107

Pages

1221 - 1230

Addresses

Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.

Keywords

Animals, Humans, Anopheles, Malaria, Artemisinins, Ivermectin, Quinolines, Primaquine, Antimalarials, Insecticides, Drug Therapy, Combination, Drug Interactions, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Thailand, Female, Male, Young Adult