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Gyngell and colleagues consider that the recent Nuffield Council report does not go far enough: heritable genome editing (HGE) is not just justifiable in a few rare cases; instead, there is a moral imperative to undertake it. We agree that there is a moral argument for this, but in the real world it is mitigated by the fact that it is not usually possible to ensure a better life. We suggest that a moral imperative for HGE can currently only be concluded if one first buys into an overly deterministic view of a genome sequence, and the role of variation within in it, in the aetiology of the disease: most diseases cannot simply be attributed to specific genetic variants that we could edit away. Multiple, poorly understood genetic and environmental factors interact to influence the expression of diseases with a genetic component, even well understood 'monogenic' disorders. Population-level genome analyses are now demonstrating that many genetic 'mutations' are much less predictive than previously thought 1 Furthermore, HGE might introduce new risks just as it reduces old ones; or remove protections not yet clearly delineated.

Original publication

DOI

10.1136/medethics-2019-105390

Type

Journal article

Journal

Journal of medical ethics

Publication Date

08/2019

Volume

45

Pages

526 - 527

Addresses

Department of Clinical Ethics and Law, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

Keywords

Humans, Dissent and Disputes, Morals, Genome, Human, Gene Editing