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To identify risk factors and describe the pattern of spread of the 1997 cholera epidemic in a rural area (Ifakara) in southern Tanzania, we conducted a prospective hospital-based, matched case- control study, with analysis based on the first 180 cases and 360 matched controls. Bathing in the river, long distance to water source, and eating dried fish were significantly associated with risk for cholera. Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa, was isolated in samples from Ifakara's main water source and patients' stools. DNA molecular analyses showed identical patterns for all isolates.

Original publication

DOI

10.3201/eid0707.010741

Type

Journal article

Journal

Emerg Infect Dis

Publication Date

2001

Volume

7

Pages

583 - 587

Keywords

Adolescent, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Cholera, Disease Outbreaks, Female, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Rural Population, Tanzania, Vibrio cholerae